Regarding the "polar" station of the great luminary early astronomers identified as Saturn:
I gave the benefit of the doubt to the north celestial pole, while emphasizing over the years that ancient language itself does not permit you to distinguish between north, south, east or west in translations of early texts. The language of modern geographic directions came relatively late. The original language arose from COSMOGRAPHY, based primarily on relative positions of celestial bodies and the unique formations around them in the celestial theater. Right and left, above and below (supplemented by "extreme below," which I'll have to explain), upper and lower, front and back, base and summit, center (axis, axle) and boundary, inside and outside, etc. Eventually these words describing relative positions were applied to the sacred directions of kingdom on earth, which quickly confused the picture. Geographically, "up" and "down" do not have the same references in Egypt and Mesopotamia, for example, despite the fact that the original directional language of the two cultures is surprisingly consistent.
One reason the Pyramid Texts now appear to be largely gibberish is the habit of translators in using familiar geographic interpretations rather than the original, more literal meanings of words. "Left, " the region of celestial "growing bright" in the daily cycle, will be translated as east, and the literal "growing bright" of the primeval sun will be translated as rising; and the literal mountain of fire and light, reaching upward to the center of heaven, will be translated as horizon.
And there you have it. "Ra rises in the eastern horizon." The translation is simple and obvious, except for the fact that it can only lead to contradictions and cannot be correct.
So where did the formations being documented by Anthony Peratt originate? It may surprise those who've begun to follow Peratt's independent investigation to know that when I first forwarded to him a set of images including the now-famous "chain of arrows," "backbone of the sky (ladder of heaven)," and "eye mask," I stated in no uncertain terms that these formations were seen in the south. They all belong to a phase (phases, really) that I called "displacement" or "wandering."
Therefore, the issue as to where the station of the original polar sun might have been can remain open. When Manilius said of Saturn that the god was "thrown down to the opposite end of the world axis," it could be that he left a telling clue as to the god's original location.
David Talbott