Here's what Wal said about what electrons look like at
http://www.holoscience.com/news/antigravity.html. My notes are in brackets.
- The first problem with an electric gravitational force is that like charges repel and unlike charges attract, whereas gravity always attracts. A simple way out of that problem is to propose that electrons, protons and neutrons are composed of smaller orbiting charged units (which we may dub “subtrons”)* whose total charge sums to –e [--+ (Lloyd)], +e [++-] and zero [--+++-], respectively. The magnetic moment of the neutron and spin of the electron suggests that this is so.
- * The word
“subtron” was coined by Ralph N. Sansbury in his monograph “Electron Structure” in The Journal of Classical Physics in January 1982. It led to a new classical explanation of magnetism and gravity.
- [Dictionary says:
magnetic moment is the torque exerted on a magnet or dipole when it is placed in a magnetic field;
spin is a quantum angular momentum associated with subatomic particles, which also creates a magnetic moment.]
- The stumbling block to such a model has always been the assumption of Einstein’s speed limit on the electric force between charged subtrons. For instance, it has been calculated that
subtrons orbiting inside the classical radius of the electron would have a
speed of 2.5 million light-years per second. That is the distance from here to the other side of the great Andromeda galaxy in one second! The speed of the electric force must exceed that by a considerable margin for the electron to be a stable particle.
- The electron, proton and neutron have not only a classical size but also a
shape, which changes in response to the electric force. The electrical energy absorbed by these particles in deformation rather than acceleration [instead of accelerating, they deform to an elongated elliptical shape, which becomes a dipole] gives rise to the phenomenon of
inertial mass. It is the fundamental origin of the relationship E = mc^2.
- If gravity is an electrical force, we can see why the gravitational mass of a body is identical to its inertial mass. We have a real classical model with which to explain inertia, gravity, magnetism and quantum theory. Magnetism is a subject on its own to be dealt with later. But if we take
an atom for example, it is a complex
system of electrical resonances between orbiting charged subtrons within orbiting charged particles [My understanding is that only electrons are orbiting charged particles].
- [Dictionary says:
Resonance is the increase in amplitude of oscillation of an electric or mechanical system exposed to a periodic force whose frequency is equal or very close to the natural undamped frequency of the system; or a subatomic particle lasting too short a time to be observed directly; the existence of such particles is usually inferred from a peak in the energy distribution of its decay products.]
- A
stable electron orbit is one in which the gain and loss of energy between a deformable electron and all of the subtrons in the other electrons and the nucleus sums to zero over that orbit. Electrons in an atom “whisper” to the nucleus in order to prevent the “classical catastrophe” of the electron spiralling into the nucleus.
Changes in resonant state occur in quantum jumps and give rise to an un-cancelled oscillating electric force that may be accepted by another atom. An atomic nucleus operates in the same way, so that quantum tunnelling effects and nuclear interactions can be understood in resonant terms rather than simplistic coulomb barriers.
- The
nuclear force is then another manifestation of the electric force between resonant subsystems within the nucleus.
“Cold” fusion is possible in such a resonant system and
radioactive decay has an electrical cause and can therefore be modified. It seems that electrons in composite (more than one proton) atomic nuclei are essential for resonant stability. When they leave a nucleus in the company of a proton we call the pair a neutron. Oddly enough, that resonant system is unstable, with the result that it has a lifetime outside the nucleus measured only in minutes.
- “…it may be that the next exciting thing to come along will be the discovery of a neutron or atomic or electron electric dipole moment. These electric dipole moments … seem to me to offer one of the most exciting possibilities for progress in particle physics.” - Steven Weinberg