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Credit: NASA/ESA/R Hurt/Spitzer Science Center
Aug 17, 2006
Just Another Small, Faint GalaxyBig Bang theorists interpret Hubble telescope images of small, faint galaxies as ultra-big, ultra-bright galaxies seen long, long ago and far, far away. But evidence from outside their narrow field of view indicates that the galaxies are really small and faint.
The image above combines a visible-light image from the Hubble telescope with an infrared image from the Spitzer telescope. Publicists bill it as “a massive galaxy ... about eight times the mass of the Milky Way ... early in the history of the universe, a time when such mature galaxies were not thought [sic] to exist.” (Actually, because its age is estimated to be “a mere 800 million years after the Big Bang,” long before there were thinking human beings, it is a time when such mature galaxies were thought not to exist.)
But the galaxy’s age and mass are artifacts of assumptions that have been proved erroneous for nearly half a century. What is actually observed is a small, faint galaxy whose light is highly redshifted. The erroneous assumption is that redshift indicates distance. Hence, the high redshift means the galaxy is far, far away. To appear as big as it does and as bright as it does at that distance, it must be ultra-big and ultra-bright.
For many years, many astronomers, both professional and amateur, have photographed high-redshift objects clustering near low-redshift galaxies. Many of the objects are physically connected to the galaxies with bridges of material. Many of the objects are aligned on opposite sides of the galaxies, their redshifts decreasing with distance. Many theories are trying to explain these observations, but the publicly funded institutions of modern astronomy systematically refuse to acknowledge these theories and systematically ignore the observations, therewith betraying science and defrauding taxpayers.
Redshift cannot be a measure of distance. But quite likely it is a measure of age: the higher the redshift, the younger the object. Active galaxies eject high-redshift objects. The objects are small and faint. They have peculiar shapes—jets and clumps of material and disturbances. As they age, their redshifts decrease—in steps, not continuously. Their velocities of ejection slow. They grow into companion galaxies.
This is why most of the objects in the various Hubble Deep Field and Ultra Deep Field images have shapes unlike the shapes of familiar galaxies. The universe long ago was not different from the universe today, but baby galaxies are different from mature galaxies. The extremely narrow field of view of the Hubble telescope fails to notice the wide-angle connections with mature galaxies, thereby reinforcing the extremely narrow view of big bang theory that fails to notice the falsification of its assumptions.
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